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Aims: This study aimed to compare the shade selection of natural teeth using visual method, digital photographic method, spectrophotometric method, and using an intraoral scanning device. Settings and Design: A study was conducted at the department of conservative dentistry and endodontics. Subjects and Methods: Right maxillary central incisors of ten subjects without caries, defects, or any restorations were selected for the study. Shade selection was done from the middle third of the labial surface of the tooth. In visual method the shade selection was carried out by an experienced clinician and in digital photographic method by a technician with gray cards as background and software analysis the other methods were spectrophotometric method and using an intraoral scanning device. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was done using the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test. Post hoc was done using the Mann–Whitney U-test. Results: When the shades selected using the four methods were compared, with spectrophotometric methods, statistically significant differences were found for visual and digital photographic methods. Conclusions: Whenever possible, it is better to combine visual and instrumental methods so as to reduce the subjective errors that can happen while using the visual method alone. Among the instrumental methods, the less expensive digital photographic method can be opted for instead of the more sophisticated methods with chances of minimal errors.

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Oral mucosal trauma can cause a multitude of oral mucosal lesions. Many oral mucosal lesions are caused by prolonged mechanical trauma to the oral mucosa. This case series depicts five such cases in which trauma was the major etiological factor in the causation of such lesions. This case series discusses the five different entities: Traumatic ulcer, frictional keratosis, traumatic fibroma, mucocele, and angina bullosa hemorrhagica. The etiology, clinical features, and management of each of these lesions are discussed. Appropriate symptomatic management of mucosal lesions along with the removal of the etiological factor causing trauma to the oral cavity resulting in the complete resolution of all five oral lesions described in this case series. This case series aims to illustrate the need for early diagnosis of trauma-associated oral mucosal lesions to avoid broad therapy later on.

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Introduction: Everyone nowadays needs access to the Internet for recreational and educational purposes. The goal of this study was to find out how undergraduate, postgraduate, and college faculty members use the Internet for various purposes. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by preparing 18 questions in 240 participants with the help of a semi-structured, pretested questionnaire, 7 closed-ended and the rest multiple-choice questionnaire containing demographic information, information related to Internet addiction test questions, undergraduate, postgraduate, and faculty members of the college were selected and evaluated. Results and Observations: This study revealed that the Internet was used as a source of learning for all the groups. Mainly undergraduates use the Internet for entertainment and educational purposes both. Postgraduates, apart from these, also used the Internet for their research work. Staff members used it for all the reasons mentioned above and used email, learning exercises, and teaching purposes. Conclusion: The Internet not only provides a great source of entertainment and information, but it is also essential for the exchange of information, social communication, education, banking, business, shopping, administration, and proper evaluation of data sources. It is a constantly changing phenomenon that is getting more and more ingrained into our daily life.

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Purpose: The aim of this cross-sectional analytical study was to evaluate the impact of smokeless tobacco (SLT) products' consumption on women's health in the selected rural areas. Methods: It was a cross-sectional rural-field area-based study in which randomly selected 500 women were asked to participate, out of which 205 women (who have completed 27 years of age with two pregnancies in life time) were selected and given a self-administered pretested in propria persona questionnaire using an objective sampling technique in 3 months. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version-22 was used to analyze the data presented in a graphical and tabular format. Results: Among the 205 respondents, majority (73.17%) were homemakers, while 26.35% were service holders. According to the findings, SLT with betel quid has been used by 52.6% of rural women for more than 5 years. In addition, during the past 5 years, 36.6%, 48.4%, and 38.8% of SLT used tobacco zarda, plain tobacco, and khaini. 40% of the respondents said that they use SLT for the pleasure of it. There was a significant association between occupation and regular use of SLT (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Finally, despite the severe effects and consequences of using SLT, the general people, particularly women in rural areas, are unaware of its negative consequences, and its use remains unrestricted today, which is unfortunate. Approximately 63% of users were homemakers, according to this cross-sectional survey. To limit the use of SLT, a very robust comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system must be implemented at both national and international levels. Finally, it was discovered that rural women predominantly use SLT made from betel leaves, which is hazardous to both general and oral health.

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Introduction: The Demirjian's method has been advocated since 1973 as a universal method in dental age (DA) estimation. Several studies in different populations have shown that DA was overestimated compared with chronological age (CA). The Objective of the Study: The aim of this study was to assess the DA in Jordanian children aged 4–17 years using the Demirjian method and compare it with the standard values provided by Demirjian. Design of the Study: This was a cross-sectional study. Subjects and Methods: Five hundred and eighty four panoramic radiographs of healthy children of both genders. The CA was scored from the medical record of the child and the dental age scored on all seven left mandibular teeth in the panoramic radiograph based on demirjian's method. Statistical Testing: All data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed using SPSS version 25. The statistical analyses were performed using an independent samples t-test and a correlation coefficient to analyze quantitative data and a scatter plot. Results: The DA was overestimated than CA, especially in the intervals between 6–7, 14–15, and 16–17 years in females, and in the interval 12–13 and 16–17 years in males. Furthermore, there were significant correlations between CA and DA according to the girls in the intervals 9–14 years, and there were significant correlations between CA and DA related to boys in the intervals 6–7, 8–11, and 15–16 years. The results from this study have shown that Demirjian “s method cannot be applicable to be used to determine the estimated DA of the Jordanian population. Conclusion: The Demirjian's method for dental estimation is not valid for the Jordanian population, and there should be another method for dental age estimation.

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Context: Critical appraisal (CA) is a way of determining and interpreting information by objectively considering its significance, results, and importance to an individual's work, and it is based on careful empirical assessment. Aims: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of CA exercises on the quality of preclinical tooth preparation skills and the confidence level of undergraduate dental students. Settings and Design: This was a randomized control study conducted at a private dental college in Kanpur rural region, Uttar Pradesh. Subjects and Methods: One hundred and forty-three student volunteers were randomly divided into CA (CA; n = 78) and control (C; n = 65) groups. Both groups were given a conventional lecture and video demonstrations; the CA group also gave CA exercises. Six evaluators assessed the incisor, canine, premolar, and molar preparations made by all students. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics were used to describe the groups across all parameters. An independent samples t-test was conducted to compare the eight parameters of the two groups. Results: The mean overall scores assigned to the CA group by all evaluators were significantly higher (independent t-test, P < 0.05) than the C group for incisor (CA: 6.19 ± 1.28, C: 5.34 ± 1.86), canine (CA: 5.88 ± 1.37, C: 4.94 ± 1.68), premolar (CA: 5.88 ± 1.09, C: 4.73 ± 1.19), and molar (CA: 5.94 ± 1.63, C: 5.39 ± 0.04) teeth. The CA group also demonstrated a significant increase in self-confidence over that of the C group (repeated measures general linear model F = 7.886, P = 0.0421). Conclusions: Critical assessment activities greatly enhanced undergraduate dental students' preclinical tooth preparation abilities, as well as their confidence level.

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